Over the last decades, the natural disturbance is increasingly putting pressure on European forests. Shifts in disturbance regimes may compromise forest functioning and the continuous provisioning of
The overall aim of eco2adapt is to help stakeholders manage forests to optimise social and ecological resilience. Using the concept of nature-based solutions, we combine interdisciplinary knowledge
Despite ambitious nature conservation efforts, biodiversity is under threat. Enhanced conservation and restoration of forests is key for biodiversity and provision of ecosystem services (ES). The
A large and growing number of EU and national policies draw on, or affect directly and indirectly, Europe's forests, including their ecosystems. There is hence a need for improved efforts to provide
FORWARDS will prototype The ForestWard Observatory to provide (a) timely and detailed information on European forests’ vulnerability to climate change impacts, (b) science-based knowledge to guide
