Deadwood is a key indicator for assessing policy and management impacts on forest biodiversity. The authors of the study developed an approach to include deadwood in the large-scale European Forest
This article primary focuses on analyzing the quantitative contributions of oak-pistachio tree savannas to rural household incomes in Malekshahi County, Ilam Province, considering both cash and
Drawing on the highly fragmented case of the international forest regime complex, this paper aims to map its institutional fragmentation and to analyse the degrees to which it is conflictive or
Understanding patterns, dynamics, and drivers of land use is crucial for improving our ability to cope with sustainability challenges. The human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP)
Assessments of ecosystem services (ES) and biodiversity provide a comprehensive view of the links between landscapes, ecosystem functioning and human well‐being. The investigation of consistent
Explorations of future land use change are important to understand potential conflicts between competing land uses, trade-offs associated with particular land change trajectories, and the
The study assesses the feasibility of a mechanism of payment for ecosystem services to improve the provision of ecosystem services by private forest owners. The range of the potential payment is
Assessments of land-system change have dominantly focused on conversions among broad land-use categories, whereas intensity changes within these categories have received less attention. Considering
The concept of social capital within the forest governance field encompasses networks, norms and values of local communities that determine cooperation and contribute to their development
Assessing changes in the extent and management intensity of land use is crucial to understanding land-system dynamics and their environmental and social outcomes. Yet, changes in the spatial patterns
